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<p>
This circuit calculates the integral of the input, meaning that the
output voltage changes at a rate proportional to the
input voltage (but in the opposite direction).
The <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier">op-amp</a>
attempts to keep its – input at the same voltage as the + input
(which is at ground). This requires it to drain an amount of current
proportional to the input voltage (V / 1000 ohms). This current goes
through the capacitor, whose voltage is proportional to the integral
of the current flow through it.
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